Effects of storage time and freezing temperature on clinical chemical parameters from canine serum and heparinized plasma

To assess changes in 24 blood constituents in frozen serum and heparinized plasma, blood samples were drawn from 10 clinically normal German Shepherd army dogs. The storage characteristics of nine enzymes (ALP, ALT, amylase, AST, CK, GGT, GLDH, LDH, lipase), and 15 metabolites and minerals (albumin, bile acids, bilirubin, calcium, cholesterol, creatinine, fructosamine, glucose, magnesium, phosphate, potassium, protein, sodium, triglycerides, urea) were studied. Parallel samples of serum and heparinized plasma were stored for 90 and 240 days at two different storage temperatures, -200 degrees C and -700 degrees C. Sixteen of the 24 analytes (ALP, ALT, amylase, AST, CK, GGT, GLDH, LDH, bile acids, calcium, cholesterol, creatinine, fructosamine, magnesium, phosphate, urea) showed statistically significant (p < 0.05) changes during the storage period related to storage time, storage temperature, and sample type. Seven of the analytes (amylase, GGT, GLDH, LDH, bile acids, fructosamine, magnesium) showed changes of possible clinical importance with mean differences from baseline larger than 20% for the enzymes and 10% for the metabolites and minerals during the storage periods.     

三黄白术片对人工感染鸡传染性法氏囊病的疗效

３组１６日龄小鸡人工感染以鸡传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）病毒,４８ｈ后出现临床症状,分别内服三黄白术片,剂量分别为０．３７５ｇ,０．２５ｇ和０．１２５ｇ,每日２次,连服５日,随后的１０日内,治疗组分别死亡１３．３％（４／３０）、１６．７％（５／３０）和４０％（１２／３０）,而未治疗的对照组死亡５３．３％（１６／３０）。在相对增重上,治疗组分别为７３．９％、７０．１％和７１．１％,而未治疗对照组为２５．８％。     

Pathogenicity and Virulence of the Two Dutch VCGs of Verticillium dahliae to Woody Ornamentals

Two experiments were performed in two consecutive years to test whether isolates of different vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) differ in their ability to cause disease in woody ornamentals, to study the host specificity of the isolates and to get an insight into disease development in woody hosts. A range of woody ornamental plant species, including Acer campestre, Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Catalpa bignonioides, Cotinus coggygria, Robinia pseudoacacia, Rosa canina, Syringa vulgaris and Tilia cordata, were root-dip inoculated with six isolates of Verticillium dahliae, belonging to the two VCGs that occur in the Netherlands (VCG NL-1 and VCG NL-2). Isolates belonging to each VCG caused severe symptoms of verticillium wilt in most plant species tested. Disease progress differed between plant species, but was generally the same for the two VCGs. No overall differences in virulence were observed between the two VCGs for external wilt symptoms, number of dead plants, or shoot length. No significant VCG × plant species interactions were present for these characteristics. However, isolates of VCG NL-1 caused more vascular discolouration than did isolates of VCG NL-2. Isolates within VCGs often differed considerably in their virulence to certain hosts, as shown by highly significant isolate × plant species interactions. Isolates were more virulent on their original host. These findings imply that VCG identification does not contribute to disease prediction for a range of woody hosts.     

Comparison of viral RNA populations of pathogenically distinct isolates of Citrus tristeza virus : application to monitoring cross-protection

The population of sequence variants of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) isolates of different geographic origins and pathogenicity properties was characterized by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of cDNA of the genes p18, p13, p20 and p23. The mild isolates analysed here usually yielded a SSCP profile with two DNA bands, suggestive of a predominant sequence variant, whereas the SSCP profile of the most virulent isolates contained more than two DNA bands, indicating that their viral populations are likely to be more complex. The set of SSCP profiles of the four genes allowed identification of individual isolates, but no profile characteristic of a geographic area or a biogroup was found. Sweet orange plants singly inoculated with a mild or with a severe isolate yielded the SSCP profile characteristic of each isolate, whereas the SSCP profile of plants successively inoculated with both isolates was a composite of the two individual profiles. The SSCP profile of plants singly inoculated remained constant, but the profile of doubly inoculated plants varied with time. Plants in which the SSCP profile of the severe isolate became predominant showed stem pitting, and those in which the predominant profile corresponded to the mild isolate remained symptomless. The results indicate that SSCP analysis can be used to study changes in RNA populations of doubly inoculated plants and to monitor cross-protection between mild and severe isolates.     

昆明地区奶牛临床型乳房炎的病原与发生特点

 本文旨在探索昆明地区奶牛临床乳房炎的病原特点,为本病的防治提供科学依据。 1987～1990年期间,对昆明地区4个农场和个体户的93例临床型乳房炎的306份乳样进行了病原的分离与鉴定。从这些乳样共检出15个科,23个属的30种病原,共113株。其中包括主要病原81株,检出率为87.1%(81/93),混合感染病原32株,混合感染率为39.5%(32/81),培养阴性率为12.9%(12/93)。调查结果表明:该病在雨季发病率最高;年龄以3～6岁的牛发病率最高;在发病乳室中,以后乳室,尤其是右后乳室较为多见。     

论牛口蹄疫的防治

口蹄疫(一类传染病)俗名“口疮”、“辟癀”,是由口蹄疫病毒(foot and mouth disease virus,FMDV)所引起的偶蹄动物的一种急性、热性、高度接触性传染病。易感动物牛,其特征为主要表现为口腔粘膜、乳房和蹄部出现水疱。此病传播速度极强、范围广,一旦发病,如果没有及时诊治就会造成巨大的经济损失,因此我们必须采取严格防治措施。     

雷公藤多苷药效机理及安全性研究概况

雷公藤多苷具有抗炎、免疫调节及抗生育等作用,该文概述了雷公藤多苷的临床应用及其作用机理,同时总结归纳了其毒副作用和不良反应,为更安全和广泛的应用雷公藤多苷提供了理论和试验依据。     

柑橘黑点病的发病规律和防治

近年来,柑橘黑点病(Diaporthe citri)在浙江、江西等柑橘产区普遍发生,逐渐成为柑橘最主要病害之一,严重影响鲜销果实的外观品质和销售价格。2008年以来,通过对该病的症状、发生规律和防治技术开展研究发现,果实整个生长期都能感病,但以果实膨大期最感病;黑点病的严重度与树龄、施肥水平和杀菌剂的使用次数关系密切;以座果后每隔20 d使用保护性杀菌剂代森锰锌防治效果较好,代森锰锌中添加0.25%～0.50%矿物油(绿颖)能有效地提高其防效。文章同时结合国内外相关研究,对黑点病症状、病原、发生规律和防治技术作了较为详尽的综述。     

人中白药学研究概况

在广泛文献检索的基础上,综述了人中白的成分、功效、临床应用,为其深入开发利用提供参考。     

铁线蕨属药学研究概况

在广泛文献检索的基础上,对铁线蕨属植物的成分(多糖类、黄酮类、挥发油、三萜类)、药理作用(抗菌、抗癌、抗氧化等)及临床应用(平喘化痰、解毒消炎、利尿通淋等)进行了概述,为进一步开发利用提供参考资料。